Ever since a reader and I had a bit of a debate as to whether a criminal record could delay one's application for a passport in my Online Passport Application Article , I've gotten a few hits every day from people asking this very question. I stated that I thought that a criminal record could delay one's application, while this user claimed that I had no idea what I was talking about. So, this made me curious.
2010 Update: I've written a clearer and everyday explanation of who can't get a Canadian Passport. I recommend reading this link first, then come back here to read it and the comments (there are several pages of comments!).
Of course, every case is going to be different, and I'm not even going to get into how this might affect one's ability to get _into_ another country. I'm going to only address applying for and getting a Canadian Passport.
Canadian Passport Laws/Regulations re: Criminal Records&Related Stuff
From the Canadian Passport Order, Section 9 (retrieved December 21st, 2007):
9. Passport Canada may refuse to issue a passport to an applicant who
(a) fails to provide the Passport Office with a duly completed application for a passport or with the information and material that is required or requested
(i) in the application for a passport, or
(ii) pursuant to section 8;
(b) stands charged in Canada with the commission of an indictable offence;
(c) stands charged outside Canada with the commission of any offence that would, if committed in Canada, constitute an indictable offence;
(d) is subject to a term of imprisonment in Canada or is forbidden to leave Canada or the territorial jurisdiction of a Canadian court by conditions imposed with respect to
(i) any temporary absence, work release, parole, statutory release or other similar regime of absence or release from a penitentiary or prison or any other place of confinement granted under the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, the Prisons and Reformatories Act or any law made in Canada that contains similar release provisions,
(ii) any alternative measures, judicial interim release, release from custody, conditional sentence order or probation order granted under the Criminal Code or any law made in Canada that contains similar release provisions, or
(iii) any absence without escort from a penitentiary or prison granted under any law made in Canada;
(d.1) is subject to a term of imprisonment outside Canada or is forbidden to leave a foreign state or the territorial jurisdiction of a foreign court by conditions imposed with respect to any custodial release provisions that are comparable to those set out in subparagraphs (d)(i) to (iii);
(e) has been convicted of an offence under section 57 of the Criminal Code or has been convicted in a foreign state of an offence that would, if committed in Canada, constitute an offence under section 57 of the Criminal Code;
(f) is indebted to the Crown for expenses related to repatriation to Canada or for other consular financial assistance provided abroad at his request by the Government of Canada; or
(g) has been issued a passport that has not expired and has not been revoked.
So, that's (part of) the law on the subject.
Section 57 of the Criminal Code of Canada relates to crimes regarding the forgery of passports and misuse of passports.
Here are the laws/regulations on "Revocation" (ie: taking away one's passport that they already have).
I am not a lawyer, this isn't real legal advice and I haven't had any experience with this, so your mileage may vary.
I dont have a criminal record
I dont have a criminal record but I have been arrested a few times. went to court and yada yada yada. A family friend who happens to be a police officer told me that he knows about my past arrests. does this mean that if i apply for a canadian passport that i will not be able to get one?
You can apply for a passport
You can apply for a passport
Emigrating from the UK to Canada
I was charged with defrauding my work timesheets to the value of £350 (which was paid back) 12 years ago and was given 2 years probation which was later reduced to 1 year. This has haunted my life since. The only person who is aware of this is my husband and is very supportive and has the opinion that its something everyone gets away with everyday, I was just unlucky! Its not the point, I was convicted and it is very hard to live with. I have never been in any other trouble.
We now have a young family and would like to offer them a better life than we can offer them in the UK and one our favourite places is Canada. I am terrified that we will be turned down in any country because of my past, where do we stand. We would be looking at a work visa to start?
criminal record / travel into the US
hi, i have an assult charge from over ten years ago and a theft charge from when iwas 16 years old(im 31 now). will these charges prevent me to travel into the us? i have been a good boy since the last charge and it was over ten years ago. do i still need to get a pardon before i can get a passport? i also am starting the process for a pardono. i am waitin gofr my criminal check... someone told me i could possibly get one bcuz they heard that if someone has charges ten years or older that they would still give me on. but reading some of the posts here i do not feel as sure as they do. so please if anyone knows the answer please reply... thank you.
re'criminal check
So I just started the process of clearing my records up and hear is what I know,that I think you should find useful.
I have charges for shoplifting going back to 1990. They were discharged but because they were pryer to 1992 they were not removed from my record as they should have been after 3 years. I have to go through with the certified criminal check with the finger prints. Cause when this record check comes back to me it will have the charge ,the dates, the outcome, the fullfilment of paying fines or other retribution.
I then will have to request a purge of the criminal record which is another route all together.
Your charge from when you were 16 will not be there for sure.
But if your assault was an indictable offence you will need to be pardoned as it will stay on your record even after the 3 year wait. If it was over 3 years , no later than 1992 and not indictable than it will also be off and you should get a clear record.
In any case go ahead and get your passport. You do not need to be pardoned to get one. get your fingerprints and certified criminal check done at your local police service. In the mean time as they are backed up by 120 days to get them returned to you . Make sure that the form states that it is for the purpose of getting a pardon. Then you will not have to request a new criminal check if it it shows you need your pardon as you have it allready. Fingerprints are faster if done electronicaly but not all police stations offer this service.Fingerprints were I am are $54.00 and then another $25.00 when you send the forms off to Ottawa. When you get your check back make a few copies as you will need to send originals with your pardon application if you need one. keep one should you want to drive to the States keep it with your visa to show the Border people if need be. They really want to be able to decide who to let in and it is always better to be straight up with them. They usualy won't bother you unless you are staying any real length of time. If you are planning to fly you will need to get a US waiver as the States DO NOT recognize a pardon unless you have a waiver.( again they want to decide who comes in to their country) Also if you need one for work , they might bring you on board anyway if they can at liest see what you have on your record and they can see you are starting the process of getting pardoned. Which has happened with me, Even though I know it is not legal for employers to request any info on what the charges are only that you have or have not any charges. Slightly embarassing but it helped me to secure a good job by letting them see what was really on my record.
Hope this was helpful . Some info that I would have been happy to have when I 1st started out.
GOOD LUCK
criminal record travelling to the us my experience Aug 1
I was dropping some family off in the US to catch a flight to another country. 30 years ago I was charged not convicted of possession of stolen property. One of the family needed to get a visa for entry to to the US. They ran all of the passports. I was deemed not admissable. could not take them to teh airport. Was originally told to take them back to Canada and they could come back? Thought the problem was with me. After talking to a supervisor I was allowed to call them a cab to take them the rest of the way. I was sent back to Canada. Fingerprinted mug shot the whole 9 yards. Also told if I cam back I would face jail time and any vehicle that I was in would be impounded. You can apply for an exemption it costs 545 US and takes 6 -8 months. Money is non refundable. One of the guards said that if I could get a copy of the court transcript I could take it to a passport office and they might let me in. i would always have to keep the transcript with me. GOOD LUCK
info
i have a friend on parole for felony simple possesion charges. would he be able to obtain a passport to go to canada? if not would he be able to obtain a passport after his parole is succesfully completed? Any info would be very helpful if someone could shed some light on this.
any chance??
I am a canadian citizen and I have been wanting to get out canada, as I never have before. I was convicted for Fraud charges a couple years back, is it possible I could cross the border? I know a wonderful man who is from Detroit and he has a DUI and I want to get to see him in person. If I am unable to cross, can he maybe cross?
Wisiting a Country with an past criminal record.
My father was charged with impaired driving, he injured his passenger but no one was killed. He left went back home to Europe, it has been 15 years and I finaly fopund him again. I would like to send him a plain ticket to come and see us since I have a family of 5 It would be a lot cheaper just to fly him here, would he be arested apon landing?
hi
i just became a canadian citizen and i went to the passport office to apply for one,my guarantore forget to sign the back of the photo,,so i did it coz me and my guaratore are best friend and we know each other and we work together,but they know what happened,they asked me to apply again ,and i did,and ask with the new application ,a statment telling them what happened and why i did that,i gave them the application,and they said to pick my passport up soon,but i m still so worry ,is it going to effect my record,because i v been living in canada for 5 years and i never did anything not good,my record is so clean .
Hi, my friend has exactly the
Hi, my friend has exactly the same case and as worry as u were. May I find out the outcome of ur case at the end? Any penalty? Thousand thanks!
travel within canada
my boyfriend was convicted of a crime and sentenced over 11 years ago. He has never gotten a pardon for it. We are both Canadian citizens and would like to travel by air within Canada. Will there be any issues with this?
No, I have a criminal record
No, I have a criminal record - never got a pardon for it and I fly throughout Canada quite a bit.
none whatsoever
none whatsoever
travel Canada
No it doesnt matter when you are flying within Canada. I have a criminal record that is an indictable offens from 4 years ago and i travel all the time for work. This is because you do not need a passport to travel within canada. hope i was of help.. :)
There is no way that you
There is no way that you would be able to travel via official channels if you have a warrant. As soon as you name is checked you will be detained.
please answer me someone!!
I heard from police that i have a warrant out for my arrest, and i obviously know why. it would be for theft under, but the place of business that is accusing me burnt down...can they still try and charge me for this? I am also getting married next year, and want to know what i should do (because im no longer in the same state as where i am being accused) for my honeymoon. can i still travel to another country with an outstanding warrant?
First Offense Domestic assualt Charge
Can I still cross the US boarder even though I have a withdrawn Domestic Assault Charge? It was my first offense and It was 2 years ago when it all occurred, I was (19) and I'm a Canadian Citizen. Can someone please tell me what I need to do in order just to go across the boarder for a night? It would be much appreciated. Thanks
First Offense Domestic assualt Charge
Can I still cross the US boarder even though I have a withdrawn Domestic Assault Charge? It was my first offense and It was 2 years ago when it all occurred, I was (19) and I'm a Canadian Citizen. Can someone please tell me what I need to do in order just to go across the boarder for a night? It would be much appreciated. Thanks
First Offense Domestic assualt Charger
Can I still cross the US boarder even though I have a withdrawn Domestic Assault Charge? It was my first offense and It was 2 years ago when it all occurred, I was (19) and I'm a Canadian Citizen. Can someone please tell me what I need to do in order just to go across the boarder for a night? It would be much appreciated. Thanks
First Offense Domestic assualt Charger
Can I still cross the US boarder even though I have a withdrawn Domestic Assault Charge? It was my first offense and It was 2 years ago when it all occured, I was (19) and I'm a Canadian Citizen. Can someone please tell me what I need to do in order just to go across the boarder for a night? It would be much appreciated. Thanks
Warrant-Us Citizen
I'm an American in Canada,I was on probation for a domestic assualt with my ex-girlfriend and was about to complete probation and get to go home. But she called the cops and accused me of assult again!!!!...If I wanted to leave, you think they would arrest me at the border? P.s I'm an American citizen in Canada just trying to fo home.
It depends on a couple
It depends on a couple things, they have the authority to arrest you but detaining you w/o any definite answer of when your county will come and pick you up is highly unlikely. I had a warrant for forgery and when i got to the border they told me to take care of it b/c they knew the state i had the warrant for was so far from the niagra border that they just told me to take care of it. its the luck of the draw but my advice would be to go for it.
I have a question when it come to child support?
I have an ex-girlfriend that is pregante right now and she says it is mine but i am not sure if is but if she takes me for child support could that stop me from become a US citizen, cause I have a fience that lives in the states i would like to go be with her and step kids to be and i dont want that stopping from getting in so could someone please help me out and let me know please and thank you
public mischief
Hello can anyone help me on this issue..back in 1986 I was charged with public mischief and all the judge said to me.was you look like the type of person that if you told a lie, that you are sorry. so he told me to keep the peace and to behave myself.Will this stop me from crossing the us border
public mischeif
i have been set with a court date for a public mischief charge i am 21 years old do i have to wait a period of time before applying for a pardon?
After 3 years your clear now.
After 3 years your clear now. because computers were still fairly new at the time charges pryer to 1992 may still be on your record. If that it is the case you may have to have your charges purged and removed from your record by filling out an request form and sending it to Ottawa there is no charge for this but you need to know aprox.date and charge.Nowadays the records are swept clean automaticaly every 3 years for missdemeaners I think your minor charge seems to me was probably discharged in that case should be long gone.
Can i get a passport?
I was charged with a failure to appear on a charged that was dropped so now i have a record.. I wanted to now if i am still eligible for a passport.. That was 6 years ago ,And i would like to visit friends in the U.S. Could anyone help answer my question? greatly appreciated as i cannot afford all the fees for photos just to be rejected.. Thanks...
Hello, Every Canadian has the
Hello,
Every Canadian has the right to apply for a passport regardless of whether or not they have a criminal record. However, it is in your best interest not to attempt entry into the United States until you obtain a Canadian Pardon. The United States is the only international country with access to CPIC (The Canadian Police Information Centre). CPIC is Canada's criminal record database. If you attempt entry and are refused, you will be finger printed and photographed and told not to attempt entry until you have obtained a U.S. Entry Waiver, furthermore you will be flagged as a criminal (as per the Americans) for the rest of your life. There is no way to remove this information from their system, even if you later obtain a Pardon. The application process for a U.S Entry Waiver can take six months to a year, and it can cost upwards of a thousand dollars. Furthermore US Entry Waivers are only granted for 1-5 years; then you must reapply and go through the entire application process again.
However, if you obtain a Canadian Pardon BEFORE attempting entry you shouldn't have any problems. With a Pardon your criminal record will be moved to a non-searchable database and will be removed off CPIC. Essentially you would have your record removed before the American's find out about it.
[removed] can help you with the Pardon application process (or if need be the US Entry Waiver application process) If you have any questions please call us at [removed]
Hope this helps
Colleen
(editor's note: this isn't the place to advertise your services.)
my question is not crime
my question is not crime related but important to me . I'd appreciate it if anyone shares some insight.
My mother is a Canadian citizen but she did not obtain a passport before she went back to her birth country. Is she able to apply for her first Canadian passport through the Canadian embassy where she is?
Thank you
Canadian Citizen, Foreign Country, No Passport
Sure! There just may be some more identity and proof requirements (like birth certificates, Citizenship cards, etc.)
I HAVE A RECORD
I HAVE A RECORD THAT I CANNOT STOP FROM HAUNTING ME BUT I JUST GOT A GOOD JOB OFFER IN ONTARIO AND I WANT TO LEAVE THE US TO START A NEW LIFE WILL I HAVE TROUBLE CROSSING THE BORDER IF I AM GOING GREY HOUND OR PETER PAN BUS POOLS?
CANADIAN PASSPORT & OLD CRIMINAL RECORD
APPLYING FOR CANADIAN PASSPORT :
WHEN U HAVE AN EXPIRED PASSPORT and are 'renewing' it, do they check for criminal records
after one files a new passport application ?
are criminal records accesible through info on, or connected to, your passprt ?
meaning, if a border guard checks your passport, are they able to access your old record
or find out about your criminal record somehow through your passport ?
Yes, unless you get a pardon
Yes, unless you get a pardon for your criminal record (assuming that it's an adult record) the border officials will most likely be able to find your record if they search for it. It's always a gamble going across the border, they might just ask you what you're going there for and let you in for a visit, but there will always be a chance where you'll be denied from entering.
went to jail twice for prosition about 3 yrs ago
i went to jai; 3 yrs ago for prostion it was the second charge they didnt charge me with a felony just 2nd degree mistminer
my life had changed sence then and i now am in school and have a child and living a good life
will this charge keep me from visisting canada to see a really good friend there
please let me know tks
record over 15 years old
Over 15 years ago I had committed a theft, it is the only time ever that I have been convicted of anything. Apparently I found out that this charge appears on my police record.
There is no other conviction or any other type of criminal record.
Apparently under the new laws any theft type of charges automatically fall of your criminal records without a pardon required. Because my charge occurred well over 15 years ago - I was informed that I have to go through the pardon process.
Will this cause problems getting a passport?
Anyone can get a Canadian
Anyone can get a Canadian passport with no problem. USING it while crossing into the US is the problem. My husband had a pardon for a stupid minor offence from his youth (30 yrs ago), we got our first passports ever this past week. He tried to cross over today at Port Huron MI for shopping and was detained for 5 hours by the lovely Yankee border guards. Keep in mind, this was WITH a pardon.
Sounds like you are having
Sounds like you are having the same issues as me. Pryer to 1992 you have to request your record to be purged and removed there is a form on line you can pull up. Send it off to ottawa and they will remove it off your record at no charge to you. it should have come off automaticaly after 3 years but slipped the system. Just be thankful for this problem at liest you do not need to go through the process of a pardon.
passport
Hello, i have a very extensive youth record that is over 16 years old and 1 assault charge that is 11 years old. I received my passport in ten days after the application.
bench warrant
I have warrants issued for unpaid traffic fines and also missed a DUI sentencing date in the province of Alberta,...If I move to Ontario can I get my license without paying the fines and can I be arrested for failing to appear????? Any answers would help thanks.
Travel info.
I recently served a 10 months sentence in Canada for marijuana trafficking. I was wondering if there are any countries that will allow me admittance for a vacation before I get a pardon. Do all countries require a passport?! thanks
Undesireable people are not welcome
If you have a criminal record of any offence you are a CRIMINAL!
When you are being screened by immigration officials you are seen as an undesireable person.
Just think of it this way
Would you let a stranger whom the only thing you know is that they are a criminal into your home alone?
This is essentially what the guards at customs and the border must decide every day.
go fuck yourself
go fuck yourself
Haha. Comments like that
Haha. Comments like that illustrate how you probably ended up with a criminal record in the first place.
Sorry folks, but thems the straight up facts. You can whine and cry all you want, but you did the crime, and may have paid your time, but the effects can go on for the rest of your life.
It's not your RIGHT to enter any foreign country. Own up to your mistake, adjust as needed, and move on.
You ever heard of second chances
Most of the people who posted messages in this forum are NOT habitual offenders, we made mistakes and we do our best to own up to it, take responsibility. It is sad to see America has become so Unforgiving (even unforgiving of its own citizens). I guess you are one of those who never heard of Redemption.....very sad indeed.
Are you sure none of your family members have a criminal record
I feel sorry for you...you
I feel sorry for you...you must be the lonliest Perfect being on this earth. Watch your every step 'Perfect Person'.....life is winding road that awaits you, hope you don't trip and choke on your pride!!!!
People make mistakes, they
People make mistakes, they need to pay for the rest of their lives? When you are a kid and steal something and get arrested and are put on probation...(you did your time) you should be put down for the rest of your life? I don't think so. That's an arrogant and cocky statement to make (saying people need to pay the price for ever). Mind you, if they killed some one or something really serious then no, you should't be allowed to leave the country. And it should be people's rights to go where they damn well please. Countries are invisible borders created by man and man's need to conquer and devide.
Normally I'd delete these
Normally I'd delete these kinds of comments, but this reply (from July 1st) is right on the mark.
Agreed!! One petty theft
Agreed!! One petty theft charge when you're young and stupid shouldn't mean you have to suffer for life. Especially 10-15 years later when you've done your community service, learned your lesson and kept your nose clean. People make mistakes and fall in with bad people it's a reality. Theft is not the same as murder!
drug charges not yet convicted
Hi,
I am American living in Canada and my soon to be husband is Canadian, we are about to travel to the U.S just to visit my parents for two weeks we will be driving. Problem is in Oct we are charged with drug charges and our next court date isn't until Aug are we still able to travel for a visit to the u.s? Any help/Info would be very helpful thank you
I'm not sure when u posted
I'm not sure when u posted this so it may not be of any help, however I had a family member have this problem when needing to travel to Cuba from Ontario Canada. He was being charged for a dui n bodily harm could of received a six month jail term, he had not yet been sentenced or charged yet but he was somewhere in the judicial workings of it he had to get permission to travel n he had not yet been officially charged yet so when asked have u been convicted of a crime he could answer no. I know u can travel to tobthe states n hope they don't get asked and just get through or you can stop the chance of getting denied of entry by applying for a visa. Which a visa can be expensive
I'm not sure you have a good
I'm not sure you have a good situation all in all...first off your not married and you didn't mention how you got into Canada in the first place...as far as immigration goes there.
Telling the guy at the border going into the usa he's your fiance might make them think you are about to stay in the usa.
If they do let you in they will separate you to make sure your stories match and may or may not allow you into the usa.
then you will also have an issue coming back into Canada possibly with your now drug charge pending or not.
You best stay put or you face the risk of being separated for a long while.
short layover in u.s.
my friend wants to go to mexico, but our flight is stopping in houston for a short layover. he doesn't have any criminal records, except for youth records. would he be denied entry at u.s. customs?
info
I subsuquent to being refused entry to the US, after 30 years of travelling back and forth with never an incident, started doing some research. I was shocked, and appalled - which shows my unmitigated naivety - that because one person, who is in a bad mood, can turn your whole world upside down - just because. The more I investigated, after speaking to several experts in the field of assisting people with criminal records who have suddenly been refused entry - the more I heard this one question/statement - "Was the border guard in a bad mood?". Apparently mine was.
Hearing the various stories, the lies that are told, the errors that are made, outright refusal or inhuman delays in correcting their falsehoods and errors- all of which are harmful to a person's character - unfortunately makes me less and less sympathetic to the US.
I find it absolutely ... well beyond words as to how this is continued to be permitted. Granted the US has reason to be suspect and I don't take that away. But where is the common sense in this? I can only surmise, as did the experts I spoke with, that over the past 30 years, I had been fortunate in dealing with guards that did use their common sense, and saw that I am now obviously a grown woman, who made a mistake many years ago in her youth. Further that I am not a threat to anyone, certainly not the security of the US.
If it were not for the friends whom I visit, I wouldn't even bother with any of this. I am unsure that I want to go through so much hassle for a country that wants my country to show them grace and neighbourly fundamentals, which we do, and where the US clearly does not extend that to us. And certainly, based on the "bad mood" of one disgruntled unhappy person, many lives are negatively and unnecessarily affected.
Mind boggling
I find that the questions being asked by U.S. border officials offensive...I have been dating an American for almost 3 years...if I didn't find myself in love after all of these years there is no way I would put myself through this degrading scrutiny when I want to visit him. Each time I travel to the U.S. it is a different question...I have had my purse searched and wallet to which I received the comment pretty bear...what is this??? Yes it is a privilege to travel to Canada or to the U.S. but even my boyfriend said why is it that the Canadian Customs Officers seem to show a littler more respect...U.S. Custom Officers seem to want to degrade you...and they can get away with it!
Each time so many different questions...it really does depend on their moods...god forbid if their spouse leaves them just before they go to work...this should not be allowed...as a tourist I really do find their ways offensive and abusive...a lot of them abuse their authority...who has the reins to pull them back and give them a reality check. Yes I realize that they have to protect their border but the sarcastic remarks are really not warranted!!!!
The U.S. is looking more and more like a hysterical country bound on terrorizing even their neighbours...Canadian born...come on Americans it is not that hard to be polite and professional !!!
I am a Permanent residence
I am a Permanent residence and I am on a probation for one year not to be in contact with my ex-girl friend and I would like to apply for Canadian Citizenship. I would also like to know if that will hinder my travel to the US after becoming a Canadian citizen.
Warrant in USA but coming to Canada with non USpassport
Please reply if anybody know.
If i had a state warrant in US, three years ago, felony warrant and left the US. And now want to come back with different passport, non US under my same name to Canada, do they check US and Canada warrants or crimes upon entering in Canada.
Warrant in usa
Hello, Why is it that Americans with warrants come ruuning to Canada? Canada is a safe country and crime rate is very low so please dont come to our country if you are on the run...Besides Our Customs at the border refuse entry to American criminals...Thank you!
I forgot to mention, If i am
I forgot to mention, If i am coming from Europe, upon entering CAnada do they check your name with USA sistem or just Canada.
DOES ANYONE KNOWS ANYTHING
DOES ANYONE KNOWS ANYTHING ABOUT THIS CASE, IS CANADA AND USA FINGERPRINT SYSTEM LINKED OR?
Warrant in usa but coming to canada witth non usa passport
I have a question, if I hava an oustanding state warrant, about 3 yrs. old from Kentucky, and left USA and want to come to Canada with a passport that is not from USA, do they check my name on entry and do they check only Canada violations or USA too. Please this is very important to me if somebody can let me know.
Thanks in advance!
Criminal record 30 yrs old
I was refused entry and told to apply for a waiver. The charges stem from 30 years ago (fraud) when I was a stupid young person involved with an even stupider man. I have travelled back and forth to the States for at least 30 years without ever an issue and in fact was went across two weeks ago without a problem. I have a valid Canadian passport. I asked at the Cdn. Border when returning - they said they have nothing showing on me at all. Can you appeal this??? I think it was one of those I'm having a bad day and I'm going to make an example of you?
Cheers!
want to travel to US from Canada!
Hi - I am an American citizen (landed immigrant) and have lived in Canada for a long time. I have never been stopped at the border in the years I occasionally travelled prior to getting my pardon. I received a full pardon several years ago for a fraud charge. I want to know if I get stopped at the border, whether by car or air, will my record appear at all? I am not clear if, as I have read, that the US does not recognize Canadian pardons, yet these records are sealed, how do they know at the border that I even ever had a criminal record?
I want to travel without worry - my family does not know of my past mistake (from 25 years ago) and I would die of embarrassment if I was to be detained. I received my pardon from Pardons Canada, and all I want to be able to do is travel accross the border! Do I STILL need this waiver?
Anyone who knows what happens in this situation - I would really appreciate assurances.
as far as I understand it,
as far as I understand it, The pardon is only applicable in Canada. The U.S. government can still see it if they run your name through their system. I would suggest that you still get the waiver. At the same time, when you cross the border you have to present the waiver forms. I have had some customs agents ask me to talk about my conviction in front of the people I am travelling with and some that just say ...go ahead. If your family is with you at the time they will have to know about it. My suggestion would be to be honest with your family in this situation so they are not taken by surprise. Honesty is the best policy. Or you can just cross by yourself. Its not easy admitting to your loved ones that you made a mistake when you were younger, but, you are obviously not the person you were then and should not feel badly about it. We all make mistakes. At the same time I have found it hard to get answers to my questions and I find different answers from one page to the next so dont take my word for it. good luck!!
The majority of information
The majority of information on this site is incorrect. I will try to address a misconception that is present in this reply.
When you cross into the United States, if the border officer wishes, it is within his discretion to run a chech through CPIC, wihch is the canadian depository of criminal records. The part of CPIC accessible to US border officers shows records which are not purged. This distinction is important because although pardons are not recognized by the united states for entry purposes, once a pardon is given in Canada, the record is purged from this partition of CPIC and moved to another section which is not accessible to border officials.
Often times border officers will ask if yuo have ever been arrested. Technically, you have- a pardon does not "erase" this face. However, in Canada you are not obligated to disclosed an conviction for which you were pardoned (in fact, it is illegal to ask in most circumstances). So if you are asked if you have a criminal record in Canada, you may answer no.
The problem exists when someone crosses the border before the record is purged from a pardon. It takes five years, generally, before a pardon can be applied for and granted. if you enter during that time and your record is discovered, it is downloaded into the US system and exists permanently-- ie: you will require a waiver even after a pardon has been granted in Canada. However, if it is never discovered before a pardon is granted, it will not be visible to border officials regardless of their checks. They do not have the access to purged files which is necessary to discover the pardon. There are special circumstances in which the FBI can request access to these records, but not in any circumstance I can imagine applies to the posters of this forum.
I hold a JD and am of the Ontario Bar and am providing this information for general information, not as legal advice. If you ahve specific quesitons regarding your circumstances, advice from a lawyer in ontario is generally given free of charge (up to a 30 minute consultation, including over the phone).
has anyone with a record
has anyone with a record tried to cross the u.s. border and been turned away? do they give u a hard time?
or has anyone gotten by?
I crossed the border for five
I crossed the border for five years without any problems. It wasnt until the customs agent asked me for my identification that I found out that I wasnt allowed to cross. They told me to turn around and dont come back until I had a waiver. Even after I got the waiver it has taken me upwards of 3 hours to cross. It all depends on the mood of the customs agent how long it takes. I've crossed in ten minutes on some occassions.
Travelling to India with a criminal record
anyone know the answer to this question.
I am a canadian with a criminal record from 15 years ago. I wish to travel to India in the near future. What do I need to do to ensure that I can go and come back without any problems. I have no outstanding warrants or court cases pending. Please help
Arrest Record
I am about to enter Canada from the US. Have a job offer in place. Would an arrest for Assault (No conviction charges dropped) prevent approval of a work permit and/or entry? The arrest shows up on my FBI report, again states No Conviction.
Indictable Assault - Can I get into the US?
I was charged and convicted and am now on probation for an indictable offence of assault and breach of an undertaking, I'm wondering if having this on my criminal record will prevent me from entering the U.S.?
People with criminal record cannot enter the US
Yes, it will prevent you from entering the US. But you can get a pardon for your criminal record.
We help people to remove their criminal records (obtaining pardons) for over 20 years. Pardon Services Canada is the first Pardon Company opened in Canada. We are the most experienced and reliable company in Canada today. The only pardon company with A+ rating at Better Business Bureau. Visit our website to get a more info and apply for pardon.
(ed: Meh, I'm not too great a fan of unsolicited advertisements)
Drug warning
i was caught smoking weed recently and am travling to the usa soon, i was not charged or anything, the cop just stomped my blunt out and said go home.....like i said no ticket no paperwork, he ran my id during the process but then like i said just told me verbally dont get caught again and go home...will this ban me from crossing.
no
no
I am traveling from canada to
I am traveling from canada to the usa next weekend, i was recently stopped for smoking weed....i was not charged or fined or anything, the cops just stomped my blunt out and gave me a verbal warning (no ticket, no paperwork, was just let go)...will this show up on my criminal record hence not letting me cross the border...need reply asap
no it shouldn't be of any
no it shouldn't be of any issue, just don't have any drugs when you hit the border
1 Escale aux USA pour aller MEXIQUE : avec dossier !
Est-ce possible ? Quand on passe les douanes à Dorval pour aller au Mexique. Si j'ai un dossier criminel. Puis-je quand même poursuivre vers le mexique avec 1 escale. Puisque la zone de l'Escale est une zone neutre. J'imagine que c'est correct.
Qui peux me répondre à ce sujet...
MERCI BEAUCOUP.
(dossier criminel...''complice'' d'un vol à l'étalage)
bad check - warrant and
bad check - warrant and passport
I had my Canadian passport renewed in 1999, even though I had a bad cheque in 1995 - that's when i left Canada - which might have resulted in an outstanding award ( haven't gone back to Canada ever since). Does the fact that I did have my passport reneed mean there is no outstanding award? it was a 1000 dollar heque on a closed account
Can i enter the U.S
I was charged with theft-under in Nov 2006 and i don't have no other further criminal record then that will i be able to enter the U.S
i had the same charge,crossed
i had the same charge,crossed over for years and then in 2004 applied for a waiver to be on the safe side,the ins didnt even give me a waiver just my charge was to minor,i wouldnt have a prblem crossing into the usa
minor charge question
Your charge was minor, and the INS did not issue a waiver for you. So when you cross border now, does your charge still show up and border agents ask you anything? Please advise. Thanks
border crossing
Can a Canadian citizen charged ,convicted and fined for possession of a controlled substance be allowed to cross the boarder and enter the United States?
domestic assult
I spent 4wks in a provincial jail for breaches, because of my domestic assult against my girlfriend, that was seven yrs. ago , will i be denied entery into the usa. I always thought that the americans had all that info about us anyways, in our passports.
Caught shoplifting but was charged or not, not sure about it.
A few days ago I was caught shoplifting. In the store security officer hold me and asked for Identification. I gave them my Driving license. They noted down all information and called Cops. Cops came and took my driving license from security office. then security office gave me one legal notice and told I had to pay the fine and and told not to come to that store again. then Cops cuffed me and took me into their car. then just they took big turn and back into parking lot and gave me a lecture that I should not do it in my life again . However, they did write all my information down and searched or loaded data in machine. which was fix in there car. Then he talked to his girlfriend over the phone. I was crying and finally he said let me do toes the coin. If you are luck I will let you go. Then he did and I was out of their car. I don't even know what they did with all my information.Now I am wondering, will this affect me to get a job? How I know that I will have criminal record.
if you didnt go to jail and
if you didnt go to jail and get fingerprinted and be given a court date then you havent been convicted of anything. consider yourself fortunate and dont steal.... that is stupid and can affect you in more ways than you realize. Wish I was as lucky as you.
Diversion Programs
I have a friend who was arrested for shoplifting (first offence, $28 item) and will likely be going into a diversion program.
If she completes the program, and thus avoids avoids a record, should she still be able to travel to Canada?
Also, she's 18 and lives in New York State.
Someone please reply, as I am
Someone please reply, as I am flying to Europe on August 30 and I am currently on the ARD program, though I will be removed from it August 5. I will file for expungement then. I have a flight connection in Canada and I want to be sure I will not have problems when making my connection in Canada. It is for a short time (3 hours) and besides I am sure I cannot leave the secure area anyway.
boyfriend coming to canda
Hello,
my boyfriend was charged with a crime in the states and he is on probation. It is a sex crime over in the states but in two year he will be off of probation. will he be allowed to become a canadian citizen what do i need to do to get him over here, his mom will be coming as well and she has no record. would it be easier for her to come over here first then bring him over here after. or is it not easier and just bring them to over here together.
Oh dear god i hope not. We
Oh dear god i hope not. We dont want sex offenders. PEACE
My sister and her strange situation
My sister is a canadian citizen who would like to visit the United states for my wedding in Louisiana. They would not let her across because while she visited Florida (5 years ago) she got arrest for theft. They stated that she would not be allowed to travel to the USA again untijl 3 years with three different waivers. She doesnt know if her passport is flagged. Her passport doesnt have any special stamps or anything in it. They did not arrest her at the boarder but they told her not to try again. They did not give her any paper work and during her interview at the immigration office they made her sign a few different papers. At the time she was crying hystericalyl and very scared so she didnt know what they were making her sign. How can i get my sister to my wedding???
Canadian criminal record check
I use to live in albetra
and goto school there
i WAS HAVING A PARTY and had a bb gun in my pocket someone called the police
and got charged with concealed weapon
i didnt goto court and i
I moved to ontario , so theres a warrant for my arrest because i skipped court
and im trying to be a broker in ontario
it says i have to do Canadian criminal record check
would they see that i have warrant for my arrest
yes they will find out and
yes they will find out and you will be arrested. you cant skip court. if you want to get it over with go to the local police station and turn your self in so that the judge will see that you are not trying to run away.
This is not correct. Your
This is not correct. Your warrant will show in the system, however you will not be arrested in otnario until a Canada-Wide warrant exists. A warrant inssued in Alberta is unlikely to result in your arrest in Ontario unless the offence is serious. The short version is that if you are arrested in Ontario the police department in Alberta will have to transport yuo to Alberta to answer for your charges; it is unlikely that they will go to that expense for a relatively minor offence.
The warrant often indicates the geographic range for which it is issued, at the discretion of the requesting police department. Typically they are local or provincial only, with the exception of Canada-Wide warrants issued for more serious offences.
It may be in your best interest to contact a lawyer in Alberta to deal with the crown to see if this can be disposed of. it is possible to make this sort of thing disappear through alternative measures (diversion) which will close off the warrant and allow you to pay a fine or do community service to make the whole thing do away without any criminal record whatsoever. Your criminal record will come back clean for your broker's licence.
working as prostitute hinders canadian citizenship?
my friend is 35, canadian PR and from india. she wants to work in toronto spas as full service prostitute. question is if she is caught/charged/convicted of prostitution would that hinder her way to canadian citizeship/entry to US/applying to US green card through parents in future? she has another 2 yrs and 7 months to fulfill citizenship requirement of staying in canada.
plz pardon me as i asked a lot in 1 go. but she really needs the answer as in dire need to collect big money for a medical treatment issue back in india.
working as prostitute hinders canadian citizenship?
my friend is 35, canadian PR and from india. she wants to work in toronto spas as full service prostitute. question is if she is caught/charged/convicted of prostitution would that hinder her way to canadian citizeship/entry to US/applying to US green card through parents in future? she has another 2 yrs and 7 months to fulfill citizenship requirement of staying in canada.
plz pardon me as i asked a lot in 1 go. but she really needs the answer as in dire need to collect big money for a medical treatment issue back in india.
hello: my wife may have a
hello:
my wife may have a fraud charge against her in canada do to an accidental overclaim to social services in 2009. she is canadian living in japan, with a work visa- her passport expires in 2011...will the renewal of her passport be denied?
thank-you
elliot ross
I have same situation...
Hello I was charged with fraud from over payment and I want to marry my man who lives in the united states really dont know what to do will I beable to cross the border to visit? I live in Canada and this charge has really ruined my life and it is embarrassing when explaining to employers etc that I have a criminal record for fraud from 1992 when I was attending college and raising my 4 children myself . How can they overpay a single mother on social assistance???
my boyfriend is in a similar situation
My boyfriend may have a fraud charge against him. Will he be able to renew his Canadian passport and will he be detained by the police if he tries to leave or re-enter the county?
demande passeport
Mon conjoint a un dossier criminel qui date de 20 ans , vols , ivresse au volant et possession personnel de marijuana esse que cela peut lui nuire pour avoir son passeport
Canadian criminal record
My husband is a Canadian citizen, we are living in Europe. He was charged with theft and possession under CAD 500 in 1988. He has a Canadian passport and in the USA several times since 1989, either via land from Canada or flown in from Europe. The last direct flying in occured in 1999, before the events in 2001. We plan to fly to NY next week from Europe, he on his Canadian passport. I've read on the net that these days US border checkpoints might be linked to Canadian criminal records. I wonder if he could be turned back from the border because of these charges 22 years ago?
Planning to go the the States
Planning to go the the States with my boyfriend but he has a criminal records in canada.He is an american leaving in canda for over 20 yrs now and has a PR card and a valid us passeport. He also has a pending court date this year. I wanted to know if he his going to have a problem going back to the states or coming back in canada.
Planning to go to the US
Your boyfriend as a US Citizens can enter the US anytime he want to. It depends on how you comes to the US.. If by car the US Border Patrol will not care less about his problem in Canada.if they run a check on him. Now if they check and find a warrant that's something else. Otherwise they'll let him in . He is American
If flying to the USA then he will encounter the Canadian Border Police and they may want to run a Canadian check on him. They may find,or may not find that he has a pending Court date in Canada and prevent him from leaving. By car is a safer way to cross into the USA. HOWEVER, he may not be re-admitted into Canada due to his Canadian conviction. He should have obtained the Canadian Citizenship when he has a chance to years ago while retaining his U.S. Citizenship. Too late now.
If your boyfriend is not
If your boyfriend is not prohibited by R.O. condition or court order and holds both US & Canadian passport, he should be free to travel into both countries with issue.
Not a wise move!
If your boyfriend is originally from the USA and now has a criminal record in Canada, more than likely he will not be allowed to enter the USA unless he can show proof that he is actually moving back to the USA, in which case he may then very well not be allowed back into Canada since his passport will be stamped and noted accordingly.
CAN SOMEONE REPLY???? PLS I
CAN SOMEONE REPLY???? PLS I NEED TO KNOW CAUSE I AM LEAVING SOON!
is it not true you are
is it not true you are cleared after 10 years
Domestic Assualt
Hi if your a visitor to canada and have been charge with a domestic assualt got bail and you and your wife wants to be back together but court wont drop charges, can you leave canada and return to your own country before case is over,, Please help me and my wife are loosing everything because of this ....Thank you
If you leave Canada before
If you leave Canada before the case is over you will not be able to enter the country. Your wife must also state that we wants all the charges to be dropped. Second I really think that you need to pray and ask God for guidance because everyone makes mistakes and ive seen God do some amazing things for situation such as yours. Keep your head up God loves you
Travel to US dispite violent criminial acts from long ago
I am a Canadian without a Canadian passport and I need to travel to the US to participate in a TV show. The problem is that I have quite an extensive violent criminal past. I am worried that if I try to get a canadian passport, I will be denied as I do not have a pardon yet. Most of the "really bad stuff" that I got put in the penitentiary for was in the late 1990's. There were a few common assaults after that, but I was told just to answer no on the application when it asks if I have ever committed a crime (or however they word it). Do you know anything about this?? Do they actually take the time to check each and every application because if they did it would take longer than 2 weeks to process your passport? Does that not make sense??
Hi, I feel sorry about you
Hi, I feel sorry about you and all other in problem. This Hell started out with the Muslim's terrorist attack on New York City.Well. if you're a Citizen of Canada and have no pending legal problems you should have your Passport. Canada is not a Dictatorship. but is about to become one like the USA. Now if really prevented to obtain a Passport why don't you look into the possibility of claiming Citizenship of the Country, Countries your parents or grand-parents came from? Many people are Citizens of their parents Countries without even knowing a damn abouy it. As final resort you could legally change your name using your mother's last name. It's your name anyway. Wish you well.
Good chance Passport application will be rejected
If your past is as violent as you have suggested, you will most likely not be issued a Canadian Passport unless perhaps you have someone like the Prime Minister or other well-known person as a guarantor on it. And yes, they do take the time to run each and every passport application through all police and court database records. This is 2010! Things are done much differently today than they were a decade or so ago.
Conditional Discharge
I received a conditional discharge three years ago and I would like to travel to the USA. Will they have my record on file? Do I need to apply for a waiver?
I was reading up on obtaining
I was reading up on obtaining a pardon in Canada and it mentions this:
Discharges Issued After July 24, 1992
A Discharge will automatically be purged 1 year after you received an Absolute Discharge or 3 years after you received a Conditional Discharge (provided you comply with the conditions imposed). You should request a copy of your criminal record to ensure the Discharge has been purged. There have been instances where discharges were mistakenly registered as a conviction and were not subsequently purged after the 1 or 3-year period.
NOTE: You may be inadmissible to the United States for having a Conditional Discharge.
United States Waiver of Inadmissibility
A Canada Pardon is not recognized by the US Government. You may require a US Travel Waiver for legal entry into the United States. To determine if you require a waiver to enter the US, visit our US Waiver page for more information.
According to the National Parole Board, a Canadian Pardon is not recognized outside Canada. Specifically, they state: "Many foreign countries, including the United States (U.S.), do not recognize a Canadian Pardon. If you have a criminal record and are interested in going to the U.S., you may want to apply for an American Immigration and Naturalization Service waiver (American INS waiver)."
I suggest you get a copy of your criminal record to be sure it is removed by now and if not then apply for the waiver to be safe.
Hi, Could someone please
Hi,
Could someone please comment/reply to my query...? I return here frequently in hopes that someone with knowledge to me questions will reply... Thank you in advance.
Travelling to Germany
I was convicted of a DUI last year and want to go to Germany to see my boyfriend. It has been my one and only offence and I have a legal passport. I was able to go to the US a month ago but I'm wondering if Germany will let me in?? Driving under the influence is stupid and I've learned my lesson BIG TIME!!! Can anyone advise??
Hi, the European Union is not
Hi, the European Union is not as punitive as anglo-saxon based Countries. You will be allowed to enter Germany with your conviction. There will be no criminal check on arrival. Enjoy your trip. And while you're there marry your boyfriend and get an additional Citizenship: German Citizenship and with it you will be allowed to live and work in all the European Union Countries. As things are going it's better to plan for the future.
Can we fly over US with criminal record and pending charges
My boyfriend has a criminal charge of aggravated assault and he is now done his probation. He had recently been caught with a illegal firearm, but court is not for a year or so. Can we travel to Mexico, or Dominican or somewhere with being safe? Are we allowed to travel over the USA even though of the circumstances.
Yes you may as long as u have
Yes you may as long as u have no stop overs in the US.
Dump the boyfriend?
Dump the boyfriend just because he screwed up in his life a few times? Wow, you must be what, Jesus Christ??
Criminal boyfriend
Your travel questions aside, WHY the HELL would you date a guy like this???
Filed under: dumb shit women do to screw up their lives...
DUMP THE IDIOT!
i am going to cuba
i was charged with 5 thefts under 5000, 5 posetion of stolen property, a breaking and entry yesterday my court date is on april 20th. i am only 17 but i am wondering if i am screwed to go on this trip to cuba i leave at the end of june and cant get a refund. if anyone can help me it would be awesome thank you.
trip to dominican or cuba
my husband has a criminal record can we go to dominican or cuba from canada?
Charged w/ Attempt theft under. Court date next month.
My 18 yr old son was charged with attempted theft under $5000 and appeared in front of the judge on March 4th. was ordered to pay a diversion and report back to court on April 1st with proof of payment to charity. There was a problem with the receipt the charity gave him (not enough info on there part). Was ordered to take the receipt back to the charity and have them give more info. Has to go back to court on April 29th with updated info. Our problem is we are traveling to Florida next week and are crossing at the Canada/US Border in Windsor/Detroit. He has a valid passport that was issued after he was charged. Our problem is will the allow him to cross with us. He has been charged but not convicted. Charges would have been drop on April 1 (yesterday if the charity had filled out the receipt properly) but now I am stressing. Trip is paid for and non refundable. Please help!
Canadian Passport - Outstanding Charges
I have a Canadian passport but live in Pakistan for the last 6 years. Since I left Canada, I have been charged with theft and fraud over 5000 several years after I left Canada. Although I will be facing my changes sooner than later in Canada, with the oustanding warrant, does that affects my travels to countries outside of Canada such as the US in the interim? Thanks in advance.
Withdrawn charge, going to uk
so i won a radio contest to goto london england and i was arrested last year for possesion of a controlled substance,a small amout of pot. I was NOT fingerprinted or taken down to the station, just a notice to appear and they let me go at the scene. i hired a criminal lawyer and had the charges withdrawn in october '09 all i had to do was pay money to a charity. will I be ok travelling to the uk??
thanks
Withdrawn charge?
If you had to pay any money to anyone, then the charge was not withdrawn. What it would appear you received was a conditional discharge. There is a big difference.
Umm thanks for the info but
Umm thanks for the info but if you did your research you would know that a drug diversion program i.e a charitble donation often results in withdrawn charges in ontario. I wasn't asking what you thought about my charge just about travelling to the uk. please do not reply if you have nothing to add
CPIC criminal record
If a CPIC online criminal record check shows no criminal record, does tha mean clear sailing at U.S. customs when I drive across?
Criminal Record - Mexico and US
I have a criminal record for criminal harrassment and breaches from 2005. I travelled to Mexico this year and last year without any problem whatsoever (however, I made sure to take direct flights).
The harrassment charge (which consisted of sending out photos of this ex gf out of spite and an alcohol dependency at the time) is an indictable offense and I had to spend a few months in the can. An unpleasant experience and the only one of my life.
I travelled to Vegas in 2007 and was nervous that I wouldn't get over the border, but I did. I was flying on my British passport (I have dual citizenship) and my Cdn passport was expired. They still asked to look at my Cdn passport and did a fingerprint scan, but they let me go on anyways.
Now I'm planning on travelling by air to Portland this weekend (Oregon) and am nervous again that I won't get through. Any advice or comments? I haven't been turned away yet. I flew a lot to the US prior to the incident, but only the one time to Vegas subsequently.
Thanks
Assault charge wanting to travel to Mexico
I have an assault charge from 7 years ago and I would like to travel to Mexico. If I take a direct flight there will I be denied entry when I get there or will I have to get a pardon before I go? Is there a website that shows the requirements for entry into each country? Also, am I allowed in the states if I have an assault charge?
Drug Convictions/Drunk Driving
You can go into the US freely with previous assault or probably even a rape conviction but if you have a minor Drug Possession charge (even if it's 20+years old) or a DUI you will be sent directly back to Canada and refused entry. You need both a US pardon, and a Canadian pardon as I had a friend with a pot possession charge in AB from 1976 who was refused entry to the US even tho he had a pardon here.
If you go by air, you can usually have no problems if you only have a DUI charge but you can never cross the border by vehicle.
reply to Drug Convictions
so my boyfriend has a miner drug charge and fine from last summer. so what your saying is he can not go in to the us at all so im gessin miami florida is out of the question too was planing to fly out of canada to miami florida to get on a cruise ship so that can not happen for him if he trys???? if anyone knows anything that we can do plzzz plzzz let me know i know guys with bigger rap sheets that get in and out of the us.
You can travel by vehicle
You can travel by vehicle into the States with a DUI
Depending on the type of assault chanrge you may be denied entry
ex. assault with intent but coomon assault is ok
going to vegas
i got a buddy that has a warrent in calgary for posetion he has been pulled over by police and they havent sent sent him back it was 4 years ago but due to some family issues he hasent had a chance to go back and clear it up would there be any problem for him to go to vegas to compete in a tournament and come right back.... i have asked qiute a few ppl all different insite just wonder what you had to say
Outstanding warrant
Outstanding warrant means he'll probably be arrested trying to get into the US, held for weeks in solitary at their customs detainment center, possibly moved to the US for an extradition hearing and a few months in a US prison, then sent directly back to Calgary for arrest. At least that's what usually happens when you have outstanding warrants and try to cross border.
What you need is a lawyer, everything written in here is just a guess. Walk into Pivot legal society and consult with one for free if needed.
Ctrain tickets.
Hello, So when i was younger to skip all the boring stuff.
i got a wack load of c-train tickets. which i did not pay off.
probably resulting in by law warrants. Which are not the same as actual warrants but i'm looking into getting a passport, my Fiances parents are taking me to mexico in December with a stop in the US to re fuel pick up passengers etc, would i be able to stop there ? or would i have to find an alternate route ?
crossing to the usa
I was charged at 16 with an assault charge and property damage and when i went to court i paid the fine for property damage to the judge and got 1yr probation for both charges. I have not been in trouble since then and i am now in my 40's with a 24 yr old and a 3yr old. I would like to go into the USA to visit a friend in California and also would like to go to Walt Disney World, and Nashville as i love country music. I have a Canadian Pardon, that i got about 13yrs ago, and not too sure if i will be able to cross the border. What information is needed on a passport application besides your name date of birth and what id do u have to show and who do i get to sign it, and how much is it for adults and a child that is 3yrs old....
k u u were a minor when u
k u u were a minor when u were charged how is it possible to even have a criminal record if u are a minor. plus u have a pardon so u should be completely fine... a passport is so easy to get and u just have to get someone who has known u for 2 years to sign it. its about 60 or 80 dollars i believe for an adult. for a child im not sure..
okay you were charged when
okay you were charged when you were 16 so you were a young offender which means you have no adult criminal record. it should not be a problem. as for id you need to send original birth certificates for you and your daughter's. they will all need a passport. you will also need a gauarntor, someone who has known you for 2 or more years. the father of your 3 yr old will need to sign her application.
crossing to the usa
My question is when i was 16 yrs old i was charged with assault and property damage in which i paid the fine in court to the judge, and got 1yr probation. I am now in my 40's and i also have a Canadian Pardon, as i got it 13 yrs ago. I have a friend who lives in California that use to work with me here until her husband got transfered, anyways she wants me to go for a visit with my children, but i do not know if i can cross, and i told her that i do not want to take the chance and get in trouble. I also want to take my kids to Disney World but not sure if i can cross. So i was just wondering if i would be able to get a passport and cross into the United States, cause also i am a big country fan and i like to go to Nashville. I was invited to a wedding in the US, but i declined cause i am not sure if i can cross, and since i was 16 i have not been in trouble with the law, as at 18 is when i had my firsy child, and my kids come first in my life. I have told them never get in trouble with the law and my oldest has never gotten into trouble, as i only have 2 kids and my youngest is 3yrs old. I also would like to know how much it is for kids age 3 for a passport and what do you have to put on the application. What all info do they need, besides your name date of birth...
Caught shoplifting but was NOT charged, now i have a question
To make a long story short, a few months ago I was caught shoplifting. Cops came and told me they WERE NOT going to press charges, all I had to do was pay the tresspassing fine and gave me a lecture that I should not ruin my life by doing it again because I had a clean record and was applying to teacher's college. However, they did write all my information down. Now I am wondering, will this affect me travelling? Do I for sure not have a record?
You will have it on record
You will have it on record through your local police station, but it is not an actual charge so it does not affect your ability to travel what so ever.
i highly doubt u have a
i highly doubt u have a criminal record but the only way u can know for sure is to go to the police station and ask if u can get a criminal record check. simple as that.
stop over in US from Canada to mexico
I need to know about a simple stop over, no connecting flights or long delays, just a lay over while travelling from Canada to Mexico (im assuming to pick up more people and fuel). In 1996 I was deported from the US for possessing a book of rolling papers (It was swabbed AND noted that there was NO drug residue on the rolling papers) and consequently banned for 10 years from entering the US for possessing "Drug Paraphanillia" even though I dont use AND I purchased them while I was THERE back when I smoked cigarettes.
I lived in a boarder town connected to Abbotsford B.C. called Huntington the only thing that separates Huntington(Abbotsford) from Sumas Washington, is a set of railroad tracks and the boarder crossing office its self, so walking there was common for residents. I had walked crossed to Sumas several times until this point, in fact often enough that the boarder patrol officers started recognizing me and no longer me for my ID. SO to compound more S**T on top of it I was also accused of "boarder jumping" although un true as I was waived through ON FOOT by an officer who recognized me as a repeat crosser earlier that day. unfortunately the officer who waved me through was not on duty while I was being deported and the sheriff was having none of my story and would not listen to me explain why I had not checked in at the desk when I crossed (basically being a dick).
My passport shows no records, exemptions or special anythings. How do I find info about this? HELP PLEASE!!!!!
Help
I am 18 and recently had a minor drug charge with E. I did not go to jail nor do i have to stand infront of a judge or did i get a ticket or anything. They just took my name down with my friends and let us go. But im pretty sure its on record cuz they still have to file their report.. My friend wants me to go to New York with her and i was wondering if i am able to do that? or if my minor drug charge will come up and i will be denied entry?
CPIC
Can being in CPIC (waiting for conditional discharge to come off system in 1 year) hinder my chances of gretting a passport or driving across the border into the US?
Confused..
I will be going on a trip to Cuba soon .. and I am currently filling out everything for my passport & getting ready to go pick it up, but I have many criminal charges from when I was like 15-16-17-18... Their minor charges such as stealing ... I was just wondering if this was would affect my approval of a passport ??
my boyfriend went to cuba
my boyfriend went to cuba when he was 20 and he has a criminal for assault from when he was 18 . he has a passport and had no problem going to cuba.
Canadian passport
I was charged in 2005 for forgery & theft over. I think I was on 1 year probation and 4 years conditional sentence ... or the other way around, I'm not too sure. I was required to do some community service and also pay a fine of about $15K which I will finish within the next couple of months (April 2010).
As far as I am aware, the probation/conditional? sentence will be finished when I pay it all off (which will be soon). There have been no restrictions on my sentence, except the usual maintain the peace, etc. I don't think there was anything within the paper that said I was not allowed to travel outside of the country.
I have all my passport paperwork done up and ready to take in next week but now, since reading about the FPS encoding of the fingerprints, I'm a bit concerned that they might not issue me a passport. I assumed that my criminal record is already in the Canadian system and that in 7 years when I apply for a pardon, it will be removed. However, from reading the previous posts, I'm made to believe that there is a separate passport system that houses your criminal information permanently?
So, if I apply for a passport now, and then get a pardon in 7 years, my information will be stuck permanently within the passport, even after I purge my info in 7 years and get a passport renewal?
Another thing I heard was that if I do not cross the US border, my info is not in their system yet. So if I get a pardon first, the US would not find anything on me? I am aware that if I were to travel there right now and they enter me into the system, it will be permanent and even after a pardon, it will still need a waiver of inadmissibility.
Please, if anyone knows, can I get a passport? Can I travel to Europe or Mexico within the next 3 months?
Thank you!
I cannot answer all of your
I cannot answer all of your questions about the legal system in Canada. Your rationale however makes sense in that it's better to obtain the pardon first so your conviction will never show up. You will have no problem enter Europe or Mexico. Remember how easy it used to be moving in and out of the USA/Canada? Just a driver's licence Voter's registration Card or birth Certificate.
Now we pay for having been too good in allowing Muslims within us. If you have left already I hope that you got no problems as is my understanding of Europe and Mexico.
can i travel?
i was recently arrested for theft under $500 and given a conditional release pending a court appearance and fingerprinting. Is it likely that I will be able to travel outside of canada? Jail time will not happen, but there may be probation or a fine ... i already have a passport ... please help!
illegal entry to the usa charge
I was charged 10 years ago with illegal entry to the USA, would that affect my immigration process to Canada. I have requested my FBI records and still showing this one incident. How Canadian Immigration Authorities will look at it??? please help
Drinking and driving is it an offense you can be turned away for
Ok so my sister was caught drinking and driving last spring in there anything she has to do to be able to come with our family to vegas?
Also her fiance was caught drinking and driving and driving and driving without a lisence several times will he be able to join us aswell?
and Lastly my fiances best friend has 2 dui's now has his lisence back but has a no drinking restriction will he be able to come?
Fail
Wow how hard is it for your family to get a cab when they're drunk instead of nearly killing themselves/others. I imagine due to multiple convictions they'll be refused before they even leave the vancouver airport. Your tickets also won't be refunded by most airlines as it's not their problem US refuses you.
I had a friend with a 3yr old American DUI conviction from California come up here via air and she had no problems. (Land border will refuse you no matter what, hence why most bands can't tour in Canada)
American's however are incredibly strict on this, and I have no idea how easy it is for Canadians to enter with previous convictions. Phone one of those immigration or pardon lawyers you see in the yellow pages/train ads
Dear anonymous, posted May 18.
Have you nothing better to do than judge others. I'd love to meet you, as I've never met a perfect person before.
Sounds like a family of real
Sounds like a family of real winners
Another judge, how nice.
Another judge, how nice.
another judge, how nice
gee if you can't handle the truth why don't you stay home and not go to Vegas because you may have huge troubles and again you may not I am not perfect but in 53 years I have never had a DUI and I do drink I just don't drive so get over it and try not to let your family and friends kill anyone while they drive drunk.... not perfect just DONT DRIVE DRUNK shesssssssssssssssssh idiots
Another judge, how nice...
Another judge, how nice...
I am American and have been
I am American and have been living in Canada for over 10 years. My ex husband is now filing for back child support even though the children are 21 and 23 years old. Child support has turned me in to The state department and I can no loger renew my U S Passport even from here in Canada. I was already in the process of applying for Canadian Citizenship when this happened. I am paying a little bit a month to the child support but they will not remove the passport restriction until the amount is under like 5k or something. My question is, when I get the Canadian Citizenship, will I be able to get the Canadian Passport without them holding it against me that I can no loger renew my American passport?
Yes you can get your
Yes you can get your passport. You are applying as a canadian not an american. When you enter the usa you will enter as a canadian not an american. Being the you will be a citizen of another country only your criminal history from that country will come up.I went thru the exact same thing. I'm from NY & they don't play with C/S.
no, i think u need to fill a
no, i think u need to fill a statement of finances and take paiement arrangement with maintenance or they will not let you have your passport.
Living in Canada
I came across your comment and i was wondering how you were able to live in Canada for 10 years and still be an american? The reason i ask is because i have a friend who lives in texas but want to live here with me in canada but he has 2 felonies from 10 yrs ago
It's called Permanent
It's called Permanent Residency. As long as you qualify, you can stay as long as you want. The US has the same thing. You don't lose your citizenship. And even though the US doesn't really recognize dual citizenship, even if this person gets Canadian citizenship, they don't lose US citizenship.
Now for you, the person with felonies in the US is a problem. That person will be hard pressed to be allowed in Canada, let alone be granted Permanent Residency.
Getting into USA with a completed conditional discharge
I few years back, not more than 7, i made a dumb mistake that wound me up in front of the judge for theft under 5K in Canada. I was given a 1 year conditional discharge which has since been completed with no problems. My question is, does my discharge which was completed last year make it possible for me to travel within the US without issues?
You should be fine!
If this happened more than 3 years ago, you should be fine. The Criminal Records Act states that, except in exceptional circumstances, if the discharge is conditional, no record may be disclosed after three years.
This is true for Canada, but
This is true for Canada, but not for the US. A conditional discharge is still considerate an offence, the US looks at it as you were still guilty but not enough evidence to prove it.
What if it happened less that
What if it happened less that 3 years ago (the charge and subsequent discharge). Do i need to disclose anything or they see anything on the US end? i heard ionce they have it in their system thay NEVER have to remove it.
If you completed the
If you completed the conditions bound to you, you are discharged. Then you must wait three years for your record to be purged from CPIC. If three years has yet to pass since the discharge was made official, you're still in CPIC.
Use google.
Can being in CPIC still with
Can being in CPIC still with that conditional discharge stop me from being able to drive over the border or obtain a passport?
Trying to enter USA with a criminal record
even if it was an absolute discharge is a crap shoot. Chances are better by land than air. Especially if there are multiple persons in the vehicle.
You might be "cleared" in
You might be "cleared" in CPIC but the Yanks can see your record. Even a pardon does not completely remove your past mistakes. Soooo to play safe, file for a waiver -- this is costly in both time and money but it helps to show "them" (ie. the powers that be down South) that you are now a good person. Of course, you can take a risk, tell the border guard that you do not have a record and when they run your passport...well it won't be pretty and you can pretty much kiss any hopes of visiting the South away.
What if it WASNT more than 3
What if it WASNT more than 3 years ago? Would i have to disclose anything? or would anything come up?
I WANT TO TRAVEL TO USA
I want to travel to USA, but i was on jail, the charge was 'cause i tried to steal a car 'cause i was drunk, it was 3 years ago, i was one week inside, then i haven´t done any stupid thing like that anymore, so I don´t know if I could travel to Miami, please I need an answer thanks...
The answer to your questions.......
Short answers are your friend. Don't elaborate. Don't hesitate. They'll ask you where in Canada you're going and for how long. They may ask the purpose of your trip.
You may be asked if you've been before a judge. What they're looking for here is felony convictions, DUI charges, and other major crimes, which will probably keep you from crossing the border. Minor traffic violations [speeding, parking, tailgating, etc] won't. If you have been convicted of a serious crime, regardless of how long ago it was, you'll need to fill out an application from Canadian Customs or a Canadian Consulate detailing such things as the crime, itself, your employment history, and proof that you attended rehab or soemthing equivalent. Your mileage may vary; they may ask for more information. The processing fee for this form is $150.
Alot of readers have been asking details about this form; where to obtain it, how much the fee really is, what convictions it will pardon. This information has been difficult to come by. Of course, I've put up this webpage as a one-stop source of information about passing through Canada Customs and back through US Customs, but there is, inevitably, some information that I may not have here. Regarding getting into Canada after being convicted of a crime, contact Canada Immigration or your nearest Canadian Consulate. The United States State Dept website does state that "Section 19 of Canada's Immigration Act prohibits the admission of people who pose a threat to public health, safety, order, and national security. Prior to attempting a border crossing, American citizens who have had a criminal conviction in the past must contact the nearest Canadian embassy or consulate well in advance to determine their admissibility as visitors into Canada. If found inadmissible, an immigration officer will advise whether a waiver (Minister's Permit) is possible."
A new question that a reader has brought to my attention that you may be asked at some border crossings is if someone has given you a package to bring into Canada for them. This is the same question airlines have been asking at the check-in counter for a few years now [but have since ceased asking this]. If you answer 'yes', they're going to want to see it. No word if they're still asking this at the border. Just like at the airport, be prepared to unwrap any gift wrapped presents you have with you.
Recently, I've been getting asked how old one needs to be to cross the border on their own. You need to be at least 18 years of age to cross without consent from a parent[s] or legal guardian. If you are under that age, the legal adult that you are traveling with must have a signed letter of consent from your parents or legal guardian stating who the child is traveling with, how long they will be there, where they are going, etc. Customs on both sides of the border will ask for this letter. Customs may want to contact the parent back home as well.
I am a us citizen living in
I am a us citizen living in canada for the past 24 years i was resently charged with theft and now have a warrent for my arrest i wish to move back to the usa will i be able to?
yes
sure why not you're american you can cross over anytime. you can also simply go to a different province in canada and fly under the radar and nobody will bother sending you back to the original province unless you're caught doing it again. look up 'non returnable warrant' that's probably what you have if it's theft under
also stop stealing, damn yank. if you need to make money sell weed or something
oops forgot
you should also know Canada won't deport anybody convicted of a crime given a sentence under 5yrs. if you get a lawyer and plead guilty, you'll probably just be given 1yr probation and a fine unless you were running a criminal empire or stealing large amounts from ATMs
Impaired driving charge
I was convicted of impaired driving a year ago , will they deny me a passport
Passport
I'm not sure if they'll deny it, but I would wait the 7 years till you can get a pardon -- then that info. is in the vault. Once it is there you don't tell anybody nothing, US or Canadian Customs -- if you do, then you're in their system for life! Keep your mouth shut and be patient. And don't get in anymore shit!
Yes, the US can still pull up
Yes, the US can still pull up your record even if you applied for a pardon first.
Young Offender
I was a young offender charged with theft and and a few breaches. Planning a trip to Vegas this year? I am now 21? Any chance I will get through the US border? I am travelling with my Aunt and Uncle! INPUT PLEASE!!!!
:(
If you were charged as a
If you were charged as a young offender after 1994 your convictions may show. If you are going to the united states you may need to get a waiver depending on the charges... It is best to contact the US immigration office and ask...anonymously of course.
Traveling to the US
DO NOT volunteer that information to the US customs or it will be on file for life. If you do, they won't let you in and they will record the info. you volunteered. They will not have access to your information. Keep it to yourself. And don't get in any more shit! It's hard enough out there, I can't imagine how much harder it would be if you were in trouble all the time or eventually get a record. Same goes for if you've had an impaired in the past. Wait the 7 years, then apply for a pardon. Don't tell ANYBODY about it -- they don't need to know. After your pardon, apply for a passport and don't mention nothing. Don't tell customs either US, or Canadian. If you do -- whamo you're in the system.
Canadian with us warrant
My friend has an American warrant over a speeding ticket apparently she had no way of paying it cuz she had to go to court even though she was only driving through the states. I'm planning on going to Cuba or Europe and she wants to come along, will she have any issues travelling if she avoids flights to the states.
Canadian with US warrant
You and your friend can travel to Cuba and Europe with no problems. Stopping over at any airport in the USA should be avoided as a check will reveal the existence of an arrest warrant and it's not going to be gooooooood! My advice is to tell your friend to finally pay for that simple speeding ticket and get this thing resolved. It's just a traffic vilation. It's not a criminal charge but it will become also a crime if she gets arrested as a fugitive.
My best advice for her is to find a cheap lawyer in the area of where she was stopped for speeding. The lawyer will have the arrest warrant set aside by the Court . She will appear in Court as a free person and apologizes to the Court stating the reason of why she could not show up in Court to answer the speeding charge or her inability to pay in the past.
What will probably happen is that she will only pay for the speeding ticket,a civil charge,tarffic charge, and everything will be solved. The fugitive charge will be dropped and will not have any criminal record in the USA and will be free to come and go and not play anymore the hide and seek game. Strongly advised,no matter the lawyer cost which should be minimal. Otherwise, if she's caught in the USA or trying to enter the USA with that arrest warrant she will be in for a lifetime of problems. She will not get any second chance here. She will be prohibited to enter,live or become resident or citizen of the USA for life.
She can solve this, still minor, problem now before she gets arrested as a fugitive,then fingerprinted,photographed like a real criminal and listed on the FBI data base. Tell her to solve this case ASAP.
You and your friend can
You and your friend can travel to Cuba and Europe with no problems. Stopping over at any airport in the USA should be avoided as a check will reveal the existence of an arrest warrant and it's not going to be gooooooood! My advice is to tell your friend to finally pay for that simple speeding ticket and get this thing resolved. It's just a traffic vilation. It's not a criminal charge but it will become also a crime if she gets arrested as a fugitive.
My best advice for her is to find a cheap lawyer in the area of where she was stopped for speeding. The lawyer will have the arrest warrant set aside by the Court . She will appear in Court as a free person and apologizes to the Court stating the reason of why she could not show up in Court to answer the speeding charge or her inability to pay in the past.
What will probably happen is that she will only pay for the speeding ticket,a civil charge,tarffic charge, and everything will be solved. The fugitive charge will be dropped and will not have any criminal record in the USA and will be free to come and go and not play anymore the hide and seek game. Strongly advised,no matter the lawyer cost which should be minimal. Otherwise, if she's caught in the USA or trying to enter the USA with that arrest warrant she will be in for a lifetime of problems. She will not get any second chance here. She will be prohibited to enter,live or become resident or citizen of the USA for life.
She can solve this, still minor, problem now before she gets arrested as a fugitive,then fingerprinted,photographed like a real criminal and listed on the FBI data base. Tell her to solve this case ASAP.
how do i know if I'm in
how do i know if I'm in their "system"?
Just try
Just try to cross the border and keep your mouth shut and see what happens. Then you'll know. Don't volunteer anything about your past, even if they squeeze you. There's really nothing to worry about, if you don't get across, you go home.
Horribly inaccurate nonsense.
Horribly inaccurate nonsense. Read the Immigration and Nationality Act.
need help
i have a question the family that took care of my son wants to take me and my son on a trip next year in march and i am just finishing up my conviction and assualt is my only chrage so how do i go about getting a passport and question num 2 is my son is 2 right now but will be 4 next year and his father is in jail so how do i get him a passport
passport with an offence.
my BF a few years back was charged with assault and i do believe he was also charged with other offences, nothing to serious, but his past when he was younger was not so "clean". The last 6+ years he has been great, he got granted full custody of his daughter and has been doing awesome the last 6+ years. We are planning on going to mexico and are applying for a passport...does anyone know if he will be able to get a passport,? and if he does when going into mexico can they still see into his history somehow and hold him back from entering and leaving mexico even if he still has a valid passport?. Any comments would be very helpful. thanks
Passport With offences
My Brother told he he could only go to Mexico if it is a direct flight, he said he has a passport but because of his offences he is not allowed into the States. So just make sure your flight is direct and you should be fine.
passport travelling to Mexico
Hello, I have been looking into the same thing as we are planning to travel to the US & my husband rec'd a US waiver card for this purpose. It is my understanding that if you have a valid passport & you are travelling to Mexico that you will not be held back unless your flight has a "stop-over" in the United States. It is ONLY the US that does not allow a criminal conviction of "moral turpitude" that would have your BF refused entry. Moral Turpitude is defined very loosely as a conviction or criminal record does not clearly define this. For instance, if there was a "drug charge" or "trafficking" charge it seems to lump it into the same offense, which, it is clearly not the same offense but will not show up as such. You would have to get ahold of a Immigration lawyer to determine what, if any, is considered moral turpitude & if it would be a cause for your BF to be denied entry. With a little research you can also get this "list" on-line.
On the other hand, if your flight is direct----meaning no stops from Canada to Mexico----then it is unlikely he will be refused entry. The law changed in Oct. 2002 & anyone that has not been granted a US waiver that is renewable every 5 years could possibly be refused entry into the US---the United States is (currently) the only country that adheres to this strict policy. I know for ourselves, I would much rather travel to somewhere hot & far away that is NOT in the US as I know that he will not be denied entry regardless of his wiaver. It might be something you should check out with the US immigration & border crossing. I have called the general phone # at our local airport & they were quite helpful & will tell you exactly what you need & the risks involved if you do not have the proper paperwork/authorization in advance. Also, if you are planning to travel in the near future I would suggest that you get onto the paperwork thing as it is very time-consuming & generally can take from 8-12 months to clear up.
Oh, I forgot to mention, if you are applying for your passports, if there is a criminal record & no pardon has been granted, it will likely contain an FPS (fingerprint identification) number that is encrypted on the passport. I know that we had previously applied & rec'd a pardon & that we still were not guaranteed that this number would not show up on our passports. I guess it would also "alert" the authorities that your BF had/has a previous criminal record. Just be prepared & do not lie when asked because that, in itself, would limit his chances of entry. Like I said, if you are not leaving from or entering into the United States he (you) will have little to worry about. I would hate for you to make all your reservations & airline tickets only to be turned back at the port of entry. You may want to contact an immigration lawyer as they generally will give you a free consult & you will have a better idea of where you stand. Also, contact the airport that you plan to depart from & ask to speak to the US customs & border crossing. Good luck!
Traveling to us
I have a criminal record in canada for ''fraud'', i did not go to jail and in fact did not get anything except a fine to pay.. Do you think i can enter usa?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_turpitude
passports/ fines
K so i have a criminal record and its youth i think,... i have a fine of $300 from the offence and a criminal record with the fine... will the fine affect getting my passport?!
passport
I HAVE NEVER BEEN IN TROUBLE WITH THE LAW IN 12 YEARS? WOULD I GET A PASSPORT ? I HAVE A CRIMINAL RECORD BUT ITS OLD?
Record
Apply for a pardon! You are way past the 7 year timeline. Do it yourself too, don't hire anyone.... it isn't really that much work. Just a few steps, a small amount of money, and patients -- it could take upwards of close to a year to be completed. But at 12 years, you'll probably get fast tracked. Don't do anything until you get it because if you volunteer your record to customs, US or Canada -- you'll be in the system for life... and then you ain't going anywhere.
Criminal Record
Hey, guess what? That criminal record no matter how old it is still exists. Your best bet is to apply for a pardon & if you are planning to enter the US you will also need US wiaver card. Go online as there are several "reputable" companies that can help you with this.
Also, it is doubtful you would be denied a passport as it is simply a valid piece of "identification" however, you would most definately be denied entry if your criminal record is still on file with CPIC, APIS etc. Also, you should probably apply for the pardon & US waiver BEFORE you get your passport (if it is at all possible) as this has something to do with have an "FPS" (fingerprints?) being encrypted on your passport. Encrypted, meaning that the authorities would have been alerted to your criminal past. Not really sure how it works but you may want to contact an immigration lawyer or the US border crossing at the port of entry (airport you are departing from) in order to make sure you have all the proper paperwork filed & verified. Good luck!
Canadian Passport in the US
I have been living in the US for a few months and had to travel for work. I realized my passport was about to expire and had to get a renewal. I applied for my passport to Passport Canada in Gatineau QC. and was rejected. They said the photo did not meet their standards and I had to resubmit. I am now 3 weeks into the passport situation. I didn't have the time to go to Canada so I tried an expedited service that is in Canada and was able to get my passport within 2 weeks. They were able to review my application and photo online so that it would pass the Canadian Government standards.
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